Mon.Nov 06, 2023

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Crust-forming algae are displacing corals in tropical waters worldwide

Science Daily: Pharmacology News

Over the past few decades, algae have been slowly edging corals out of their native reefs across the globe by blocking sunlight, wearing the corals down physically, and producing harmful chemicals. But in recent years, a new type of algal threat has surfaced in tropical regions like the Caribbean -- one that spreads quickly and forms a crust on top of coral and sponges, suffocating the organisms underneath and preventing them from regrowing.

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Professor Denise Herd secures $100,000 grant to study vaccine hesitancy in Black and Latinx communities

Berkeley Public Health: Racism and Health

Dr. Herd will be leading a team of researchers to interview community organizers about their vaccine outreach strategies.

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A step closer to injection-free diabetes care: Innovation in insulin-producing cells

Science Daily: Pharmacology News

A team has developed a new step to improve the process for creating insulin-producing pancreatic cells from a patient's own stem cells, bringing the prospect of injection-free treatment closer for people with diabetes.

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Who will profit when territories of Europe’s predators overlap? Here are five Frontiers articles you won’t want to miss

Frontiers

by Deborah Pirchner, Frontiers science writer Image: Shutterstock.com At Frontiers, we bring some of the world’s best research to a global audience. But with tens of thousands of articles published each year, it’s impossible to cover all of them. Here are just five amazing papers you may have missed. Carnivore territories might soon overlap – and some species profit more than others Some of Europe’s large carnivore populations, including jackals and lynxes, are growing and expanding their territ

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450-million-year-old organism finds new life in Softbotics

Science Daily: Pharmacology News

Researchers have used fossil evidence to engineer a soft robotic replica of pleurocystitids, a marine organism that existed nearly 450 million years ago and is believed to be one of the first echinoderms capable of movement using a muscular stem.

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Contraceptive pills might impair fear-regulating regions in women’s brains

Frontiers

by Deborah Pirchner, Frontiers science writer Image: Shutterstock.com Fluctuations in sex hormones influence brain activity of the fear circuitry. A team of researchers in Canada has now examined the effects of oral contraceptive (OC) use on women’s brains. Their findings showed that ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) thickness of women who were using OCs was reduced compared to men, suggesting a mechanism on how OC use could impair emotion regulation in women.

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Long-distance weaponry identified at the 31,000-year-old archaeological site of Maisières-Canal

Science Daily: Pharmacology News

The hunter-gatherers who settled on the banks of the Haine, a river in southern Belgium, 31,000 years ago were already using spearthrowers to hunt their game. The material found at the archaeological site of Maisières-Canal permits establishing the use of this hunting technique 10,000 years earlier than the oldest currently known preserved spearthrowers.

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Fossils tell tale of last primate to inhabit North America before humans

Science Daily: Pharmacology News

Paleontologists have shed light on the long-standing saga of Ekgmowechashala, based on fossil teeth and jaws found in both Nebraska and China. Ekgmowechashala is the last primate found in the fossil record before humans.

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Epigenetic changes are paramount in cancer progression

Science Daily: Pharmacology News

The path a cell takes from healthy to metastatic cancer is mostly driven by epigenetic changes, according to a new computational study.

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French love letters confiscated by Britain finally read after 265 years

Science Daily: Pharmacology News

Over 100 letters sent to French sailors by their fiancées, wives, parents and siblings -- but never delivered -- have been opened and studied for the first time since they were written in 1757-8.

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Mystery resolved: Black hole feeding and feedback at the center of an active galaxy

Science Daily: Pharmacology News

Almost every large galaxy has a supermassive black hole at its center. An international research team has recently observed the Circinus galaxy, which is one of the closest galaxies to the Milky Way, with high enough resolution to gain further insights into the gas flows to and from the black hole at its galactic nucleus.

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How to eat our way out of the climate crisis

Science Daily: Pharmacology News

Researchers conducted a study to determine if replacing dietary fats from palm oil, soy and other agricultural crops with fats created synthetically in chemical or biological processes could help reduce climate change-causing greenhouse gases. The researchers' analysis finds a reduction in carbon emissions and other benefits, such the opening of agricultural lands to reforestation which benefits biodiversity and creates a carbon sink.

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The fascinating relationship between mice and a plant that flowers once a century in terms of seed dispersal

Science Daily: Pharmacology News

Researchers have discovered several factors that affect field mouse behavior using seeds from dwarf bamboo plants, a plant that flowers once in a century. Their findings not only suggest the previously underappreciated role of mice in the forest ecosystem, but also show that they store small sasa seeds for later use. These challenge a previously held model of mouse behavior.

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Want the secret to less painful belly flops? These researchers have the answer

Science Daily: Pharmacology News

Researchers investigated belly flop mechanics and found surprising insights about air-to-water impacts that could be useful for marine engineering applications. They set up a belly flop-like water experiment using a blunt cylinder but added an important vibrating twist to it.

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Two fins are better than one: Fish synchronize tail fins to save energy

Science Daily: Pharmacology News

They say two heads are better than one. But in the world of fish, it appears two fins are better than one. Researchers have produced a theoretical model that demonstrates the underlying mechanisms behind how fish will synchronize their fin movements to ride each other's vortices, thereby saving energy.

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Studies of geologic faulting on icy moons aid exploration of extraterrestrial watery worlds

Science Daily: Pharmacology News

Earth and space scientists document and reveal the mechanisms behind strike-slip faulting on the largest moon of Saturn, Titan, and Jupiter's largest moon, Ganymede.

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